Bản đồ phát sinh chủng loài

Mười nhóm, 124 xuất xứ.

Một bản đồ trực quan về mười nhóm di truyền của cacao và các xuất xứ trong kho lưu trữ này mang mỗi nhóm đó. Cấu trúc liên kết theo Motamayor et al. 2008, PLoS ONE 3(10):e3311 (genetic clusters). Cây được trình bày để tham khảo trực quan; việc gán nhóm tuân theo trường status của mỗi xuất xứ — draft / reviewed / verified.

Di chuột qua các xuất xứ để làm nổi bật nhóm; bấm để mở.
Chuncho — Peru · verifiedQuillabamba — Alto Urubamba — Peru · draftUcayali — Peru · reviewedInternational Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarper Farm — Trinidad and Tobago · draftContamana — 5Contamana5International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftCuraray — 1Curaray1International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarper Farm — Trinidad and Tobago · draftIquitos — 2Iquitos2International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarper Farm — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarañón — 2Marañón2International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarper Farm — Trinidad and Tobago · draftNanay — 2Nanay2International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftPurús — 1Purús1Toledo Cacao Growers Association (TCGA) — Belize · draftBaures — Itenez wild cacao — Bolivia · draftBahia (Ilhéus) — Brazil · reviewedBahia cabruca — Cocoa Coast — Brazil · draftTomé-Açu (Pará) — Brazil · reviewedVale do Juruá — Acre native cacao — Brazil · draftCameroon (bulk cacao) — Cameroon · reviewedMbangassina (Grand Mbam) — Cameroon · reviewedSouth-West (Meme) — Cameroon · reviewedAbengourou (Indénié-Djuablin) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedCAPEDIG (Duékoué) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedCôte d'Ivoire (bulk cacao) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedECAM (Méagui) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedSCEB (Agnéby-Tiassa) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedSoubré (Nawa) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedBaracoa — Jamal central processing — Cuba · draftEsco Kivu (Beni-Watalinga) — Democratic Republic of the Congo · reviewedTshopo (Bengamisa) — Democratic Republic of the Congo · verifiedCONACADO — Dominican Republic · verifiedCOOPROAGRO — Dominican Republic · draftHato Mayor — Dominican Republic · reviewedHispaniola (San Francisco de Macorís) — Dominican Republic · reviewedÖko Caribe — Dominican Republic · reviewedReserva Zorzal — Dominican Republic · draftSan Francisco de Macorís — Dominican Republic · draftYamasá — Dominican Republic · draftABOCFA (Suhum) — Ghana · draftGhana (West African Amelonado) — Ghana · reviewedJuabeso-Bia — Ghana · reviewedKuapa Kokoo — Ghana · reviewedOffinso Fine Flavour Cooperative — Ghana · reviewedSefwi-Wiawso — Ghana · reviewedYayra Glover (Suhum) — Ghana · reviewedGrenada Chocolate Cooperative — Hermitage — Grenada · draftGuinea (bulk cacao) — Guinea · draftAcul-du-Nord — Haiti · draftGrand-Anse — Dame-Marie — Haiti · draftTamil Nadu — India · draftMorgan's Valley, Clarendon — Jamaica · draftRichmond, Saint Mary — Jamaica · draftLiberia (bulk cacao) — Liberia · reviewedLofa (Voinjama / Foya) — Liberia · reviewedNimba (Karnplay) — Liberia · reviewedÅkesson's Ambolikapiky — Madagascar · reviewedAly Robert (Antsatsaka) — Madagascar · reviewedFOFIFA Ankatafahely (Ambanja) — Madagascar · reviewedMAVA Plantation (Sambirano) — Madagascar · reviewedT'MAR (Upper Sambirano) — Madagascar · reviewedComalcalco — Hacienda Jesús María (CACEP) — Mexico · draftTabasco — Mexico · reviewedCross River (Ikom-Etung-Boki) — Nigeria · reviewedNigeria (bulk cacao) — Nigeria · reviewedSaint Lucia Island Growers — Saint Lucia · draftCECAB (São Tomé) — São Tomé and Príncipe · draftCECAQ-11 (São Tomé) — São Tomé and Príncipe · draftPríncipe (Terreiro Velho) — São Tomé and Príncipe · draftRoça Agostinho Neto (Rio do Ouro) — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedRoça Bombaim — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedRoça Diogo Vaz — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedSão Tomé (roça cacao) — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedNgoleagorbu (Kenema-Kailahun, Gola) — Sierra Leone · reviewedSierra Leone (bulk cacao) — Sierra Leone · draftTanga (Usambara historical) — Tanzania · reviewedKpalimé-Akébou (Choco Togo / Vision+) — Togo · reviewedTogo (bulk cacao) — Togo · reviewedBrasso Seco — Trinidad and Tobago · draftFour Roads Tamana — Trinidad and Tobago · draftHeights of Aripo — Trinidad and Tobago · draftInternational Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftLopinot — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTableland — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTobago (Roxborough) — Trinidad and Tobago · reviewedTobago Cocoa Estate — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTrinitario Heartland — Trinidad and Tobago · reviewedAmelonado — 74Amelonado74International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftGuiana — 1Guiana1Arriba Nacional — Ecuador · reviewedCamino Verde (Balao) — Ecuador · draftEl Oro — Ecuador · reviewedEsmeraldas — Ecuador · reviewedGuayas — Ecuador · draftHacienda Limón — Ecuador · draftLos Ríos — Ecuador · reviewedManabí — Ecuador · reviewedNapo (Kallari) — Ecuador · reviewedNorte de Esmeraldas — APROCANE — Ecuador · draftSucumbíos — Ecuador · reviewedVinces — Ecuador · draftZamora-Chinchipe — APEOSAE — Ecuador · draftMarañón Canyon — Peru · reviewedPiura Blanco — Peru · draftInternational Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftNacional — 16Nacional16Ixcacao — San Felipe — Belize · draftToledo (Maya Mountain) — Belize · reviewedToledo Cacao Growers Association (TCGA) — Belize · draftSierra Nevada de Santa Marta — Colombia · draftBaracoa — Jamal central processing — Cuba · draftBois Cotlette — Dominica · draftGrenada Chocolate Cooperative — Hermitage — Grenada · draftAcul-du-Nord — Haiti · draftGrand-Anse — Dame-Marie — Haiti · draftTamil Nadu — India · draftJava — Indonesia · reviewedMorgan's Valley, Clarendon — Jamaica · draftRichmond, Saint Mary — Jamaica · draftÅkesson's Ambolikapiky — Madagascar · reviewedAly Robert (Antsatsaka) — Madagascar · reviewedFOFIFA Ankatafahely (Ambanja) — Madagascar · reviewedMAVA Plantation (Sambirano) — Madagascar · reviewedMillot Estate (Bejofo) — Madagascar · reviewedSambirano Valley — Madagascar · reviewedT'MAR (Upper Sambirano) — Madagascar · reviewedComalcalco — Chontalpa — Mexico · draftComalcalco — Hacienda Jesús María (CACEP) — Mexico · draftSoconusco — Mexico · verifiedTabasco — Mexico · reviewedTapachula — Soconusco heirloom cooperatives — Mexico · draftYucatán rejolladas (sacred Maya cacao groves) — Mexico · draftBatangas — Philippines · draftCebu — Philippines · draftNegros Occidental — Philippines · draftSaint Lucia Island Growers — Saint Lucia · draftRoça Diogo Vaz — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedKandy — Sri Lanka · draftKurunegala — Sri Lanka · draftChiang Mai — Thailand · draftBrasso Seco — Trinidad and Tobago · draftFour Roads Tamana — Trinidad and Tobago · draftHeights of Aripo — Trinidad and Tobago · draftInternational Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftLopinot — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTableland — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTobago (Roxborough) — Trinidad and Tobago · reviewedTobago Cocoa Estate — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTrinitario Heartland — Trinidad and Tobago · reviewedCanoabo — Venezuela · draftHacienda San José (Paria) — Venezuela · draftPorcelana — Venezuela · reviewedSur del Lago — Venezuela · reviewedCriollo — 47Criollo47Theobroma cacao L.
Chuncho — Peru · verifiedQuillabamba — Alto Urubamba — Peru · draftUcayali — Peru · reviewedInternational Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarper Farm — Trinidad and Tobago · draftContamana — 5Contamana5International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftCuraray — 1Curaray1International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarper Farm — Trinidad and Tobago · draftIquitos — 2Iquitos2International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarper Farm — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarañón — 2Marañón2International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftMarper Farm — Trinidad and Tobago · draftNanay — 2Nanay2International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftPurús — 1Purús1Toledo Cacao Growers Association (TCGA) — Belize · draftBaures — Itenez wild cacao — Bolivia · draftBahia (Ilhéus) — Brazil · reviewedBahia cabruca — Cocoa Coast — Brazil · draftTomé-Açu (Pará) — Brazil · reviewedVale do Juruá — Acre native cacao — Brazil · draftCameroon (bulk cacao) — Cameroon · reviewedMbangassina (Grand Mbam) — Cameroon · reviewedSouth-West (Meme) — Cameroon · reviewedAbengourou (Indénié-Djuablin) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedCAPEDIG (Duékoué) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedCôte d'Ivoire (bulk cacao) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedECAM (Méagui) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedSCEB (Agnéby-Tiassa) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedSoubré (Nawa) — Côte d'Ivoire · reviewedBaracoa — Jamal central processing — Cuba · draftEsco Kivu (Beni-Watalinga) — Democratic Republic of the Congo · reviewedTshopo (Bengamisa) — Democratic Republic of the Congo · verifiedCONACADO — Dominican Republic · verifiedCOOPROAGRO — Dominican Republic · draftHato Mayor — Dominican Republic · reviewedHispaniola (San Francisco de Macorís) — Dominican Republic · reviewedÖko Caribe — Dominican Republic · reviewedReserva Zorzal — Dominican Republic · draftSan Francisco de Macorís — Dominican Republic · draftYamasá — Dominican Republic · draftABOCFA (Suhum) — Ghana · draftGhana (West African Amelonado) — Ghana · reviewedJuabeso-Bia — Ghana · reviewedKuapa Kokoo — Ghana · reviewedOffinso Fine Flavour Cooperative — Ghana · reviewedSefwi-Wiawso — Ghana · reviewedYayra Glover (Suhum) — Ghana · reviewedGrenada Chocolate Cooperative — Hermitage — Grenada · draftGuinea (bulk cacao) — Guinea · draftAcul-du-Nord — Haiti · draftGrand-Anse — Dame-Marie — Haiti · draftTamil Nadu — India · draftMorgan's Valley, Clarendon — Jamaica · draftRichmond, Saint Mary — Jamaica · draftLiberia (bulk cacao) — Liberia · reviewedLofa (Voinjama / Foya) — Liberia · reviewedNimba (Karnplay) — Liberia · reviewedÅkesson's Ambolikapiky — Madagascar · reviewedAly Robert (Antsatsaka) — Madagascar · reviewedFOFIFA Ankatafahely (Ambanja) — Madagascar · reviewedMAVA Plantation (Sambirano) — Madagascar · reviewedT'MAR (Upper Sambirano) — Madagascar · reviewedComalcalco — Hacienda Jesús María (CACEP) — Mexico · draftTabasco — Mexico · reviewedCross River (Ikom-Etung-Boki) — Nigeria · reviewedNigeria (bulk cacao) — Nigeria · reviewedSaint Lucia Island Growers — Saint Lucia · draftCECAB (São Tomé) — São Tomé and Príncipe · draftCECAQ-11 (São Tomé) — São Tomé and Príncipe · draftPríncipe (Terreiro Velho) — São Tomé and Príncipe · draftRoça Agostinho Neto (Rio do Ouro) — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedRoça Bombaim — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedRoça Diogo Vaz — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedSão Tomé (roça cacao) — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedNgoleagorbu (Kenema-Kailahun, Gola) — Sierra Leone · reviewedSierra Leone (bulk cacao) — Sierra Leone · draftTanga (Usambara historical) — Tanzania · reviewedKpalimé-Akébou (Choco Togo / Vision+) — Togo · reviewedTogo (bulk cacao) — Togo · reviewedBrasso Seco — Trinidad and Tobago · draftFour Roads Tamana — Trinidad and Tobago · draftHeights of Aripo — Trinidad and Tobago · draftInternational Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftLopinot — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTableland — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTobago (Roxborough) — Trinidad and Tobago · reviewedTobago Cocoa Estate — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTrinitario Heartland — Trinidad and Tobago · reviewedAmelonado — 74Amelonado74International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftGuiana — 1Guiana1Arriba Nacional — Ecuador · reviewedCamino Verde (Balao) — Ecuador · draftEl Oro — Ecuador · reviewedEsmeraldas — Ecuador · reviewedGuayas — Ecuador · draftHacienda Limón — Ecuador · draftLos Ríos — Ecuador · reviewedManabí — Ecuador · reviewedNapo (Kallari) — Ecuador · reviewedNorte de Esmeraldas — APROCANE — Ecuador · draftSucumbíos — Ecuador · reviewedVinces — Ecuador · draftZamora-Chinchipe — APEOSAE — Ecuador · draftMarañón Canyon — Peru · reviewedPiura Blanco — Peru · draftInternational Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftNacional — 16Nacional16Ixcacao — San Felipe — Belize · draftToledo (Maya Mountain) — Belize · reviewedToledo Cacao Growers Association (TCGA) — Belize · draftSierra Nevada de Santa Marta — Colombia · draftBaracoa — Jamal central processing — Cuba · draftBois Cotlette — Dominica · draftGrenada Chocolate Cooperative — Hermitage — Grenada · draftAcul-du-Nord — Haiti · draftGrand-Anse — Dame-Marie — Haiti · draftTamil Nadu — India · draftJava — Indonesia · reviewedMorgan's Valley, Clarendon — Jamaica · draftRichmond, Saint Mary — Jamaica · draftÅkesson's Ambolikapiky — Madagascar · reviewedAly Robert (Antsatsaka) — Madagascar · reviewedFOFIFA Ankatafahely (Ambanja) — Madagascar · reviewedMAVA Plantation (Sambirano) — Madagascar · reviewedMillot Estate (Bejofo) — Madagascar · reviewedSambirano Valley — Madagascar · reviewedT'MAR (Upper Sambirano) — Madagascar · reviewedComalcalco — Chontalpa — Mexico · draftComalcalco — Hacienda Jesús María (CACEP) — Mexico · draftSoconusco — Mexico · verifiedTabasco — Mexico · reviewedTapachula — Soconusco heirloom cooperatives — Mexico · draftYucatán rejolladas (sacred Maya cacao groves) — Mexico · draftBatangas — Philippines · draftCebu — Philippines · draftNegros Occidental — Philippines · draftSaint Lucia Island Growers — Saint Lucia · draftRoça Diogo Vaz — São Tomé and Príncipe · reviewedKandy — Sri Lanka · draftKurunegala — Sri Lanka · draftChiang Mai — Thailand · draftBrasso Seco — Trinidad and Tobago · draftFour Roads Tamana — Trinidad and Tobago · draftHeights of Aripo — Trinidad and Tobago · draftInternational Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICGT) — Centeno — Trinidad and Tobago · draftLopinot — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTableland — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTobago (Roxborough) — Trinidad and Tobago · reviewedTobago Cocoa Estate — Trinidad and Tobago · draftTrinitario Heartland — Trinidad and Tobago · reviewedCanoabo — Venezuela · draftHacienda San José (Paria) — Venezuela · draftPorcelana — Venezuela · reviewedSur del Lago — Venezuela · reviewedCriollo — 47Criollo47Theobroma cacao L.
Ba nhóm địa sinh học được làm nổi bật: lõi thượng nguồn Amazon nơi tập trung phần lớn đa dạng, sự lan toả ở hạ nguồn Amazon và xuyên Đại Tây Dương lấy Amelonado làm trung tâm, và di tích Mesoamerica đại diện bởi Criollo.

Thượng nguồn Amazon — trung tâm đa dạng cốt lõi

Contamana · Curaray · Iquitos · Marañón · Nanay · Purús

Hạ nguồn Amazon / lan toả xuyên Đại Tây Dương

Amelonado · Guiana · Nacional

Di tích Mesoamerica

Criollo

Cây phát sinh chủng loài gốc dựa trên 106 dấu hiệu vi vệ tinh được giải kiểu gen trên khoảng 1.200 mẫu cacao từ thượng nguồn Amazon và Mesoamerica. Khung mười nhóm trên trang này tuân theo bài báo đó; không có phân tích dấu hiệu bổ sung nào được thực hiện ở đây. Độ dài nhánh chỉ mang tính minh hoạ — chỉ cấu trúc liên kết là có ý nghĩa thông tin.

← Mười nhóm, không phải ba ô.